Staphylococcus enterotoxin B antibody – clone S222

Mouse anti Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B antibody (clone S222) recognises virulence factor enterotoxin B. The antibody does not cross react with Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins A, C, D or E. This antibody can be used as a capture antibody with clone S643 (MAB12240) in ELISA assays.

Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) is a gram-positive, non-spore forming bacterium that is a member of the genus Staphylococcus, belonging to the family Staphylococcaceae. First recognised in 1880, S.aureus exists in many individuals as part of the normal microbiota, inhabiting the skin, nasal passages and respiratory tract. Pathogenic S.aureus secrete a range of potent toxins, which are a major cause a wide range of infectious conditions in humans worldwide.

Enterotoxins, produced by S.aureus, are a major cause of food poisoning. The toxins are heat stable and affect the epithelium of the digestive tract. Over 30 enterotoxins have been identified to date. Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) is recognised as the most potent enterotoxin within the Staphylococcal family of toxin. The SEB enterotoxin also acts as a potent bacterial superantigen, stimulating T lymphocytes and other cells of the immune system. Two separate domains on the 28kDa SEB protein are reported to be responsible for the two different functions of the toxin (Fries, B).

SEB is considered to be a major cause of food borne infection causing food poisoning. The clinical symptoms of SEB intoxication include fever, myalgia, vomiting, diarrhoea, headaches and in some cases shock. Currently there is no specific treatment for SEB mediated disease or shock. The condition is often self-limiting but support with hydration is often required. Currently, no licensed vaccine or antitoxin has been successfully developed (Ortega E).

References:

Fries BC, Varshney AK. 2013. Bacterial Toxins-Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B. Microbiol Spectr. Dec;1(2)

Ortega E, Abriouel H, Lucas R, Gálvez A. 2010. Multiple roles of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins: pathogenicity, superantigenic activity, and correlation to antibiotic resistance. Toxins (Basel). Aug;2(8):2117-31.

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