Norovirus GII Antibody – Clone NP23
Mouse anti Norovirus GII antibody (clone NP23) recognise Noroviruses within genogroup II. The antibody does not cross react with Adenovirus, Astrovirus, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Clostridium difficile, Cryptosporidium parvum, Enterovirus, Escherichia coli, Giardia lamblia, Helicobacter pylori, Hepatitis A, Listeria monocytogenes, Rotavirus, RSV, Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus, Yersinia enterocolitica.
Norovirus (NoV), a small non-enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus belongs to the Caliciviridae family of viruses. Six norovirus genogroups have been identified to date, which are further subdivided into genotypes. Noroviruses responsible for human disease are found within genogroups GII, GI and GIV. Noroviruses have a high mutation rate and numerous genotypes have been identified which are associated with human disease. Despite the high mutation rate, the genotype GII.4 has been identified as the most common cause of norovirus outbreaks in humans worldwide (Karst, SM).
Previously known as Norwalk virus, norovirus is a major cause of non-bacterial outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Norovirus can infect individuals of all ages and can be a major cause of gastroenteritis in closed communities such as schools, care-homes, hospitals and cruise ships. Symptoms of NoV infection develop rapidly and include vomiting, nausea, abdominal cramps and diarrhoea (Robilotti, E). In most cases, norovirus infection is a self-limiting disease that may last 1- 3 days but can cause complications in very young, elderly and immunocompromised individuals. In some severe cases, norovirus infection can result in dehydration, hospitalisation and death. (CDC)
Norovirus is highly contagious. It can persist in the environment and is resistant to most household disinfectants. Transmission of NoV primarily occurs through the faecal oral route and through contact with infected individuals, contaminated clothing, surfaces, food and water. (CDC)
References
Karst SM. (2010). Pathogenesis of noroviruses, emerging RNA viruses. Viruses.Mar;2(3):748-81.
Robilotti E, Deresinski S, Pinsky BA. (2015). Norovirus. Clin Microbiol Rev.Jan;28(1):134-64.
Centers for disease control and prevention: Norovirus, Clinical overview
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