The macrolide antibiotic Venturicidin B, isolated from a Streptomyces sp., is a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial ATP synthase complex actin. Specifically, venturicidin is a FO ATP synthase inhibitor. F0F1-ATPases (ATP synthases) are the oligomeric molecular machines that couple ATP hydrolysis with proton translocation across the energy-transducing membranes in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and bacteria. Venturicidin B was originally isolated as an antifungal agent.
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