A sodium channel blocker used in research to carry out electrophysiology techniques to investigate epilepsy, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease and many more neurological conditions. Tetrodotoxin citrate (the water soluble form of tetrodotoxin) is a sodium channel blocker isolated form the Puffer fish. Neuroscientists and electrophysiologists use Tetrodotoxin Citrate as a tool to help reduce neuronal or muscular electrical activity.
This marine-derived neurotoxin that reversibly inhibits the inward sodium current through NaV channels (IC50s = 4.1 and 5.2 nM, respectively, in frog muscle and squid axon; Kd = 1.8 nM in rat brain), blocking nerve and muscle action potentials. Tetrodotoxin citrate was used in Hodgekins and Huxleys experiments to elucidate the physical biology of nerve action potentials and to elaborate mechanism of NaV current in excitable neurons.
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