RNase stands for Ribonuclease which is a RNA digesting enzyme. RNase consists of 124 amino acids in one polypeptide chain with 4 disulphide linkages. Ribonucleases can be divided into Endoribonucleases and Exoribonucleases. RNases have important roles in RNA degradation and turnover in all organisms. Ribonuclease enzyme can unwind the RNA helix by complexing with single-stranded RNA. RNase A is an endoribonuclease with functions in RNA metabolism and regulation of gene expression. It was found to play roles in diseases such as autoimmune diseases, renal insufficiencies and pancreas disorder. More recently, an antitumor activity was also reported for an RNase A with cytotoxic and cytostatic properties. The members of RNase A superfamily are widely expressed and present in serum and tissues of mammals. The ribonucleolytic activity in the pancreas of ruminants is particularly high, perhaps to digest the large amount of RNA produced by stomach microorganisms.
Applications:
The enzyme can be used to hydrolyze RNA from protein samples. It is compatible for use in RNase protection assays, to remove unspecifically bound RNA, in the analysis of RNA sequences, to hydrolyze RNA contained in protein samples, and in the purification of DNA.
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