Borrelidin is derived from Streptomyces rochei. It is 18-membered macrolide-polyketide and it is a compound with anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-malarial, and anti-angiogenic properties. It is a known inhibitor of bacterial and eukaryal threonyl-tRNA synthetases.
Borrelidin induces apoptosis in endothelial cells via the caspase 3 and caspase 8 pathway. In addition, borrelidin strongly inhibits capillary tube formation and also disrupts formed capillary tubes by inducing apoptosis of the tube-forming cells in a rat aorta matrix culture model.
In S.cerevisiae, borrelidin inhibits the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28/Cln2 with an ICof 24M, causing the arrest of both haploid and diploid cells in G phase and inducing the transcription of amino acid biosynthetic enzymes through a GCN4-dependent pathway. Borrelidin plays a role of antibiotic ligand in nascent peptide-dependent ribosome stalling.
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